Categoria: Set per set

28.10.2012: From Naples to Rome.

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1. Sometimes it is just too late.

Giovanni Battista Lusieri (c. 1755- c. 1821), Bay of Naples, 1791; pen and ink, gouache, and watercolor on six sheets of paper; 102 x 272 cm, The J. Paul Getty Museum.

Sure some of you are familiar with the work of Giovanni Battista Lusieri (c. 1755 – c.1821), but it has taken me about three and a half decades, plus this review in the FAZ about Expanding Horizons, the current retrospective in the Scottish National Gallery, to come across this absolute master of landscape painting. To make things worse, the show is just closing on October 28, and even the catalogues are sold out! The only consolation is to reserve one of the reprints, planned for early December.

 

2. Also late, but still on time.

A recent visit to the Museum of Barcelona’s Cathedral, a small annex in the building’s cloister that also houses its chapterhouse, came with a nice surprise. It seems that since at least July 2009, you can admire here not only the Pietat Desplà, (oil on panel, 175 x 189 cm, signed and dated 1490) the key masterwork of Bartolomé Bermejo (active between 1468-1561), but also the so called Chair of King Martin, a wooden, silver-gilded portable throne that works as a seat for one of the finest monstrances from the International Gothic. The spectacular set (approximately 140 cm high) is probably the high point of the famed early 15th century Barcelona silversmiths.

 

3. Books: The Brueghels at work.

I learn through La Tribune de l’Art about this monumental work on Pieter Bruegel the Elder, his copyists, and his son and close follower Pieter Brueghel the Younger (C. Currie, D. Allart, The Brueg(H)el Phenomenon. Paintings by Pieter Bruegel the Elder and Pieter Brueghel the Younger with a special focus on technique and copying practice,1062 p, Brepols, 2012, €160 from the publisher’s website). It is not a light matter. The most important recent rediscovery and purchase of a work by Bruegel (the Elder) was made by the Spanish Ministry for Culture for the Museo del Prado in 2010. But the museum wanted to acquire The Wine of Saint Martin’s Day (glue-sized tempera on linen, 148 x 270.5 cm, c. 1556 – 1568) then attributed to the son, only if its own research on the painting’s technique revealed that the work was in fact by the father. The owners were brave enough to agree, and their good luck was eventually confirmed not only by the technical aspects, but also by the finding of the signature of the artist itself (see the Prado’s report here).

 

4. Books: Looking for Ottonian manuscripts? Please help yourself.

Medieval Histories, by Karen Schousboe, is one of the most readable, and interesting blogs on art history you can find. In the October issue, she urges us to fly to Munich, and pay our respects to Pracht auf Pergament, the exhibition in the Kunsthalle der Hypo-Kulturstiftung (until January 13th), a “once in a lifetime opportunity” to see the precious, rare and very fragile collection of Caroligean, Ottonian and Staufern manuscripts held in the Bavarian State Library (including the Gospel of Otto III, Reichenau, c. 1000; pictured above.). But in these days of digital access, the real wonders come out of true academic generosity, which is now the norm. On the exhibition’s website, they loaded up the 74 manuscripts, most of them illuminated, dated between 800 – 1175, ready to be downloaded, free and fast, directly to your computer (I tried, and it works). Perhaps steps like this can bring about a new push on teaching Early Medieval Art by starting with illuminated manuscripts?

 

5. Manuel works.

As you have surely noticed, I like to follow the work of those interesting academics I have the good luck to know. This time, it is  Dr. Manuel Castiñeiras, who is participating in the upcoming Fourth Annual Anne d’Harnoncourt Symposium, on The Art of Sculpture 1100 – 1500: Sculptural Reception, and organised by The Philadelphia Museum of Art, Penn University and the Institut National d’Histoire de l’Art, Paris (November 2-4. Penn University Campus). The title of Castiñeira’s paper is quite suggestive: They Are All the Work of Artists (Jer. 10, 9): the Romanesque Portal as liturgical Performance, following his brilliant essays on Saint James in Compostela. You can read the rest of the programme here.

 

6. A wrong approach – and an error in political strategy.

I am sad to note that the electoral manifesto of Convergència i Unió (the Nationalist Catalan party that everyone expects to win the crucial elections on November 25th) is very clear about its proposal for a referendum for independence (more than happy with that), but extremely weak when it comes to cultural matters. You have a bit of illustrated democratic despotism (“The Government will guarantee, and govern the network of basic facilities”, including museums), combined with an inward vision on cultural heritage, which seems to work only as evidence of Catalan culture’s self-sufficiency. Thank God, the professionals at the fore of basic facilities tend to follow a more advanced form of nationalism – an open one, which knows you cannot explain Catalan culture, nor any other European culture, without taking into account some of the rest of European cultures (here is my humble attempt in August to explain that).

 

7. Roma locuta.

The union of The Pontifical Commission for the Cultural Heritage of the Church and The Pontifical Council for Culture, ordered by the Motu Propio Pulchritudinis Fidei signed by Pope Benedict  XVI in July and recently made public, might sound like a very unimportant piece of Vatican bureaucracy. Not so, perhaps. In fact it could be very good news for the endless buildings and artworks under the care of the Catholic Church – because it means the Holy See is willing to make use of them for its renewed purpose of dialogue with non-believers through culture. Hopefully that will lead to joint restoration campaigns and research – and also a wider openness to contemporary art. Just to see how far this can go, read this interview with the mastermind of this policy, Card. Gianfranco Ravasi, in which he discusses the Vatican pavilion in the upcoming Venice Biennale (June 1st – November 24th, 2013), and also the tragic death of Amy Winehouse.

13.10.2012: From the Pyrenees to Sitges, via Rome.

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1. It was just one century ago.

 

The stellar news of the week follow a familiar pattern. In 1904, the architect and art historian Lluís Domènech i Montaner took the picture on the left, the first to show off the nave of the shockingly fine Sant Climent of Taüll church, lost in a remote valley in the Catalan Pyrenees. However it was not only architecture that drove him there, but also these hidden wall paintings sticking out behind the Gothic altarpiece. And for good reason: he had stumbled upon the Master of Taüll’s Pantocrator, a true Romanesque masterpiece, now in the MNAC. Last week, the Direction Régionale des Affaires Culturelles du Midi – Pyrenées reported a similar story of wonder from the other side of the Pyrenees: a new group of exceptionally well preserved Romanesque wall paintings was discovered in the parish church of Ourjout, a small village in Arièja, when restorers removed some panels of the noted Baroque altarpiece placed before it (see report and pictures here).  Specialists are now busy establishing its relationship with the other cycles in the Pyrenean area -my amateurish eye sees at least two hands in the Occitan examples, and a more direct link with wall paintings in Santa Maria de Boí (also in the MNAC), rather than Sant Climent.

2. Between Van Gogh and Dalí.

 

This is where the catalogue for Christie’s 19th Century European Art sale (November 1st, New York) places this powerful  Night in Cadaqués (lot 60, oil on canvas, 130 x 151 cm) by the Eliseu Meifrèn (1859 – 1840). Perhaps there is a gentle touch of spin that justifies the $80,000 – 120,000 (€60,000 – 90,000) estimate, but still a hint about how a fresh, open approach can help present Catalan painting in an international context. A very similar one, yet slightly less dramatic example with a starting price of €90,000, went unsold in October 2006 in Balclis, an auction house in Barcelona (lot 804, also 130 x 150 cm).

3. Is this really a Vermeer?

Well, you can decide for yourself after examining the impressive reunion of eight works by his hand (including this St. Praxedis, 102 x 83 cm, 1655; from The Barbara Piasecka Johnson Foundation), plus forty-two others by contemporary Dutch Masters, currently on show at the Scuderie del Quirinale in Rome (Vermeer. The Gold Century of Dutch Art, up to January 20th, admissions from € 9.50 to 12.-). But perhaps only a Titian would put you on a plane? Then wait for the next grand show of the Venetian master in the same venue, from February to January 2013 – why not pair it with a visit to nearby Palazzo Doria Pamphilj in Via del Corso?

4. Private hands in public venues.

 

Mondo Mostre is the private exhibition’s agency behind Vermeer’s show in the Scuderie.  Founded in 1999, and specialized in Italian – Russian exchanges, it offers a commanding international projects list that can help to brush off some of the prejudices against this kind of alternative partners for museums, both private and public.

 

5. First steps.

 

The new directors of the MNAC have announced its 2013 exhibition plans. Hampered by budget cuts, and the absence of any plans by the previous director, it offers however some degree of variety. It combines a retrospective of recent work by Antoni Tàpies (born in 1923 and deceased last February) and Joan Colom (1921; he donated his entire oeuvre and archive in July) with some in-focus presentations of certain works in the permanent collection. Above all, it is a feasible program, in which their curators have a real chance to shine – I am expecting how far and deep will go Drs. Francesc Quílez and Jordi À. Carbonell on the enormous The Battle of Tetouan (oil on canvas, 300 x 972 cm, Rome, 1862-1864) Marià Fortuny (1838-1874), on show between March and June 2013. Meanwhile, on the list of matters pending, I would put: widening a vision that for the moment does not embrace art from beyond Spain’s borders, and starting using the Museum’s loans for international projects as a way to secure the corresponding exhibition also at home.

6. Time for a Baroque rescue effort.

 

Whose is the hand behind this wonderful Still life with fish and seafruit (oil on canvas, 65 x 99 cm), bought by the Museo del Prado in 2009? A Dutch master in Italy? An Italian ex-pat in the Netherlands? A provincial French, or a Spanish court artist in Madrid? None of them, but the Catalan Antoni Viladomat i Manalt (1678-1755). His catalogue raisonné, already completed by Dr. Francesc Miralpeix but still unpublished, reveals a painter who, thanks to imported engravings, knew how to kept himself aware of what was happening elsewhere, and made his own interpretations of the available models. Which makes for an interesting book and its corresponding exhibition to add onto the waiting list.

7. Revelations in Sitges. 

As trumpeted in this blog in September, on Friday, 5th this month a sold-out 1st Meeting for Art, Markets, and Museums took place in Sitges, near Barcelona. The different speakers made interesting contributions to this world of close relationships, but the most interesting news for me came from dealer Artur Ramon. In his rapid sketch of art dealers in post-war Barcelona, he identified a couple of Jewish émigrés, Dr. Arnaldo and Rutta Rosenstingl setting the tone for high quality dealing, but also a German fugitive, Gestapo related Ludwig Losbichler-Gutjahr working from the shadows of a room in the Majestic Hotel. If Losbichler had had his hands dirtied by Holocaust-tainted property, then a door for restitution cases has been open in a city that, belonging to neutral Spain, at first seemed irrelevant to the matter. To make thinks even more complicated, the principal source of Ramon’s findings is the 1951-1969 correspondence between Losbichler and Germain Seligmann, a dealer in New York of Jewish origin.

From Bosch to the Courtauld

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September 29nd, 2012

1. Books: Rush for Bosch!

 

I just received an email from the publisher Brepols reminding me next September, 30, their introductory offer expires for F. Koreny Bosch. Die Zeichnungen, the 456 pages (451 colour ill.) complete catalogue of the master’s drawings. 100 Euros, instead of 125 Euros: irresistible? Then buy it here now.

 

2. Putting together Peter’s puzzles.

 

The lists of works for the exhibition the Frick Collection in New York has just announced, lead to a natural question. Named  Piero della Francesca in America (February 12th to May 19th, 2013, catalogue by James Banker, Machtelt Israels, Elena Squillantini and Giacommo Guazzini) it will present Madonna and Child attended by Angels from the Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute, alongside with the different panels of  his Sant Agostino’ altarpiece now in New York and Washington. But it will also show an additional panel from the other side of the Atlantic: Saint Augustine from  the Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga, Lisbon. “Why?” – I asked in my email to Heidi Rosenau , Frick’s Head of Media Relations. She promptly provided me with the answer from guest curator Nathaniel Silver:

“The title of the exhibition, Piero della Francesca in America, signifies the fact that this is the first exhibition of his work in the United States. Significantly, all of the paintings were made for the artist’s native city so the exhibition is about Piero working in his hometown. While the vast majority of paintings in the exhibition are in American collections and this theme introduces the exhibition catalogue, it is not the show’s primary theme. The magnificent painting from Lisbon was, however, discovered partly as a result of Miss Frick’s acquisition of St. John the Evangelist. In 1947, Kenneth Clark attributed the Lisbon St. Augustine to Piero for the first time, a discovery catalyzed by the recently published Frick acquisition.”

Then, the exhibition will perhaps be the first step to see, one day, all the surviving panels from the altarpiece at one place – this time, the Saint Michael in the National Gallery, and Saint Nicholas Tolentino in Museo Poldi Pezzoli, Milan, stayed home.

 

3. Your man in Paris.

And there attending last night of the Biennale des Antiquaires at Grand Palais, last day of Richter’s exhibition in the Pompidou, and second public day in the new Islamic Arts wing in the Louvre.  I could write a long post on all of that, but what really caught my attention this time were the not so new salles n .18 and n. 1 of the infinite museum – that is Ruben’s 1621 – 1622 clever cycle for Maria de Medici’s self-celebratory hall in Palais du Luxembourg, and the extraordinary Byzantine (Barberini Ivory, first half of the 6th century) and Caroligian ivories (The Earthy Paradise, c. 870-875.) you find on your way to the Baroque feast. What make a great museum grand are these permanent, sometimes unexpected lessons.

 

4. When did it all start? (2).

Francesc Lacoma i Fontanet (1784-1812), Self-portrait, oil on canvas, 68.5 x 57 cm, 1805, MNAC, Barcelona.

Last week’s note dealing with the pioneering relationship between Pelegrí Clavé and German Nazarenes in Rome around 1845, prompted an interesting comment from Dr. Francesc Miralpeix, from the University of Girona. This is it:

“The connection of 19th century Catalan artists with their European colleagues can be pushed some years back. I will propose the generation of Solà, Campeny, and especially the little known, yet very interesting Francesc Lacome. I suspect they were the link with the Romantics and the Nazarenes”.

Here you have a nice subject for your thesis. Anyway, what strikes me from Pelegrí Calvé is his willingness to surpass the Nazarene model in its own field, and his decision to embark on an international career (in Mexico) after his Roman years. In this sense, I would say he was a forerunner of the great star of the following generation, Marià Fortuny (1838-1974) – a truly European phenomenon.

5. A bold choice.

 

The “guess-who’s-coming-to-dinner” way, by which top posts in Barcelona’s museums are provided, has struck gold over these last months. If Dr. Pilar Vélez (Barcelona 1957) was an excellent choice as director of DHUB (which will hold the city collections of decorative arts, dress, industrial design and graphic arts) in May, now filling her previous post as director of  Museu Marès with Josep Maria Trullén (Barcelona 1954), deliver good news again.  Mr Trullén is a good friend of mine, which is totally irrelevant, especially when taking into consideration his brilliant job of first transforming the Museu of Solsona, then the Museu of Vic into regional powerhouses that involved up to three  different public bodies, plus the Church. His years as director of the Museu d’Art de Girona was not that successful, but we can be sure he will now show this was not his fault, by no means. But who will take the crown in Girona? Stay tuned!

 

6. Another good reason for transferring to Italy.

Just in case you wonder about spending a long time in Italy, let me give you another good reason for the move. This upscale  bocetto (Glory of Saints, oil on canvas, 92 x 136 cm) by Corrado Guiaquinto (1703-1766) has been denied an export licence, so it cannot travel outside the country. It will be auctioned, therefore, by Antonina in the Italian capital on October 2nd, with the ridiculous estimate of 12,000 / 15,000 Euros. Why not buy it, and doubly enjoy your stay in the land that produces such kind of wonders?

 

7. Work in a Royal Palace, Central London.

My alma mater is looking for a marketing “s/he” – political correctness can be so creative! Working in Somerset House selling world-class exhibitions and art-history courses, might perhaps lure you? At £59,715-£66,923 pa you will better paid than the President of Spain (the increasingly busy man gets only €78,000, according to the new budget). Details in The Art Newspaper.

30 August 2012

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Nothing to be spared.

Luis E. Meléndez (1716 – 1780), Still life (apples, grapes, melon, bread, a jar and a bottle), oil on canvas , 52,5 x 75 cm, c. 1771; MNAC, Barcelona.

Apparently my last post with some ideas about the MNAC was well received, so I am closing these longer summer pieces (instead of the customary seven short news items) with some lines about the star museum of this blog. For those who want it in one sentence: the point I am making today is that MNAC must deal with all aspects of Catalan art, including the less brilliant ones.

Last week we said MNAC may profit from engaging itself in a cultural dialogue with a European accent. Romanesque, Gothic and fin de siècle Art Nouveau (know here as “Modernism”) were the times when this corner of the Mediterranean produced its best art. Therefore, the corresponding collections at the MNAC would provide it with the works most suited for the international layout we advance.

However, something would be lost were the museum not moving beyond these three movements. It is true that the Renaissance collections are near to non-existent, and that the best pieces in the Baroque and Neoclassicism sections are Spanish and Italian. That’s why the museum has tended to manage these collections as a mute custodian, just keeping them, and lending them to third parties only when asked. Even when this was its only role, the Museum could be more active in attracting the outside projects, and making them also be shown in Barcelona.

But it can do more. First, it can foster a more thorough research of its own collections – which include these four wonderful still-lifes by the misfortunate Madrid court painter Luís Meléndez (1716 – 1780). They also feature some Catalan works – among them, the paintings of Antoni Viladomat (1678-1755), which can deepen our understanding of the moment. Another suitable subject could be the history of these collections, and its relation with the MNAC as a museum. Since they were not seen as obviously Catalan, why were they incorporated? When? How well did they fit into the general discourse of the museum?

But perhaps more interesting, they could be used for a kind of broader research. Given the lack of outstanding works, the MNAC could focus itself on some other questions, e.g.: can the absence of great masters from Catalonia be explained just on economic grounds? Since the Catalan artists were not serving a growing, self-centred Madrid court, what other clients did they cater to, and what roles did their art play? Why did their works follow certain models, and why did they ignore others? In which moment was the decision made, to start something of their own? Which parallels can we find in Europe?

Sure, an exhibition on these subjects will not become the season’s continental blockbuster. But dealing with them is a job the MNAC can do, and can give the lead to more general patterns across Europe. And that could be welcomed by someone else – at the end of the day, we did not lose the the train of post Medieval Europe, but like some other Europeans we were not travelling in first class.

 

23 August 2012

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The name as a challenge – or why it is a bit too early to change MNAC’s name.

Master of the Trebon Altarpiece, Madonna from Roudnice (detail), Prague, c. 1385 -1390, Convent of Saint Agnes of Bohemia, National Galleries in Prague.
Pere Serra (active in Barcelona between 1357 -1408), Our Lady of the Angels (detail), c. 1385, MNAC, Barcelona.

This summer’s longer piece (instead of the usual seven shots post) is about museum names. Just like people’s names, they are a link to its history, and a lead to its current place in the world. One of my preferred ones is “British Museum”, which I find rather odd, since there is little in its collections coming from Albion. In fact, most of them are inherited from Empire, as a result of sheer looting, and ruthless appropriation for some. But in some cases they were brought in in an act of rescue, and most importantly, they can work now as a tool for international dialogue. In fact, calling such a worldwide collection “British” asks for an continuous effort of openness, and wide-ranging research from that very British institution – otherwise, it would be better they just return the works, even it that means abandoning them to an uncertain fate. Not something that will happen any time soon, since the recent BM exhibitions, Treasures of Heaven. Saints, relics, and devotion in Medieval Europe (June 23th – October 9th, 2011), Hajj: Journey to the heart of Islam (January 26th – April 15th, 2012) or even Shakespeare: Staging the World, (July 19th – November 25th, 2012) show its people are doing their job.

However, this effort is not always made. Without leaving London, and our field of interest, Catalan and Spanish (quite) old art, we can point to Martí de Sas and Miquel Alcanyís Saint George Altarpiece  (660 cm x 550 cm, tempera and gold on pine panel, first quarter of the 15th century) in the V&A. It was a work left in oblivion since Judith Berg–Sobré’s investigations on the history of the Spanish altarpiece in 1989, until Matilde Miquel Juan, from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, came forward with an extensive article in the Spanish review Goya (“El Gótico Internacional en la ciudad de Valencia. El retablo de san Jorge del Centenar de la Ploma”, Goya, 336, 2011, pp. 191-213). In between, the V&A had not featured this major Gothic International work in any exhibition or research project.

The case with MNAC in Barcelona is similar. I hope regular readers of this blog already know what these four letters stand for, but in case your have forgotten, can you make a guess? Its current director is aware this is a tricky question, and that “Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya” might be not the first thing to come to mind. That’s why he proposed to change its name in order to make it attractive to the non-insiders. After a summer storm followed, he modulated his words, by saying that he was refereeing to the acronym MNAC, not the whole denomination, and by suggesting inserting the international magnet word “Barcelona” just in certain cases.

In my opinion, it is too early for this move. The MNAC should not to change its name, because it is not yet working as the national museum of art of Catalonia. It has all the resources to do it: a good collection, especially strong in the Romanesque, and a talented team working within its walls. But very few of their projects have had this international approach that the museum needs to work as national representative – some of the notable exceptions were “Romanesque Art and the Mediterranean. Catalonia, Toulouse and Pisa (1120 – 1180)” (February 29th to May 18th, 2008), and “Prague, Paris, Barcelona. Photographic Modernity from 1918 to 1948” (May 18th – September 12th, 2010).

How could this international message be defined? I got a first idea about it while visiting the Convent of St. Agnes of Bohemia, home of one of the Czech National Galleries in Prague. Its wonderful (and tourist-free) collection shows Bohemian medieval painting negotiating the French, Italian, German and Byzantine influences, to eventually give birth to something unique. In the same way, there is not a single work in the MNAC without a foreign connection. In the end, Czechs, Catalans, and many other peoples in the continent follow the same European pattern of incessant exchange. And this fact could give the basis for the MNAC’s place in the international stage: a case study of how one of these “minor” European cultures has been able to connect with its peers, both receiving huge influences and making some significant contributions.

In other words, the challenging bit of MNAC’s name is “Catalonia”, which might sound somehow enigmatic for foreigners. Using the museum collections as a tool for international dialogue could help filling the gap, while fulfilling part of MNAC’s mission. Once we all have achieved it, we could start thinking about exciting names.

 

16 August 2012

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Let the master talk.

I first tried to skip that tricky deadline, in the middle of real holidays, with a mild pun on appropriation practices in contemporary art. Until I saw Robert Hughes (1938-2012) 2004 The New Shock of the New, and his vigorous defence of some of today’s greatest artists: Ansel Kiefer, Paula Rego, Lucian Freud, David Hockney, Sean Scully – they are not on the appropriation fashion. Here you have the Youtube version of Hughes’ piece:

 

The New Shock of The New. Robert Hughes, 2004

 

It prompted a revision of Hughes classical bestseller Shock of the New (McGraw Hill, 1991, from $28.46 at Amazon).

And talking of Sean Scully, you can now visit his Classical Greece inspired Doric show at IVAM Valencia (July 26 – October 28, c. Guillem de Castro 118, Valencia, admissions €2.-). Besides, his Stations of he Cross will not have to wait for long to be hung in the church they are intended for, Santa Cecilia in Montserrat hills near Barcelona. According to the latest news I heard, the Patronat de la Muntanya de Montserrat, the public trust in charge of Montserrat’s management, is engaging itself  wih the last step of the project: pooling the funds for the works needed to accommodate Scully’s paintings in the little Romanesque temple.

Shall we therefore wonder at Hughes, like Scully, being a true lover of Barcelona? As a matter of fact, he wrote the most memorable of its guides (Barcelona, 1993, $10.20 at Amazon).

9 August 2012

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 1. Resurfacing Goya.

 

I learn via Artdaily, via The Telegraph and finally stopping at Koller Auktionshaus’s website, that this Zürich auction house will include the painting shown above in its sale on September 21, 2012 (lot 3034, Francisco de Goya, Lot and his daughters, oil on canvas, 91 x 125 cm). It was presented as a “new” Goya by the press reports, but for some reason they did not mention the logic behind this attribution. Not a problem, it has taken me just two emails (to Silvana Ghidoli, Koller’s Media Relations person, and to Karoline Wesser, Koller’s Old Masters’ specialist) to receive back a prompt, kind reply with the pre-catalogue schedule for the painting. It records a literature that goes from August L. Mayer Goya of 1924 (and a letter by him to the owner dated in November 12, 1923) to Jose Camón Aznar Francisco José de Goya of 1982, and includes Sanchez Cantón, Gudiol Ricart, Pierre Gassier with Juliet Wilson and Rita De Angelis.  In other words, the resurfaced work seems to come with blessings by the old specialists – but the nod from the current ones is always needed. Regarding to provenance, the work is listed as in a Linker collection in Bilbao in 1930, and later in a Swiss Collection – so further clarification for the 1933 – 1945 period would be useful. The estimate is CHF 600,000 – 800,000 (€ 500,000 – 666,000), which could prove attractive, since a much smaller contemporary The Appearance of the Virgen del Pilar to Saint James (oil on canvas, 47 x 33.3 cm, c. 1780) was sold by Christie’s London for GBP 453,250 on July 9, 2003.

2. August Liebmann Mayer (1885 – 1944).

 

Who was this man writing letters of authentication to the first known owner of the Goya featured above? August L. Mayer was one of the foremost specialists in Spanish Old Masters during the golden interwar years, when discoveries of works by the great masters abounded. He combined his unpaid job as curator in Alte Pinakothek in Munich from 1909 to 1931; with his teachings in the University; his wide, ground-breaking publishing in the field; and his writing of expert paid reports for private collectors. The practice, then accepted, was however used from 1930 on as the excuse for a personal hunt aimed as his Jewish birth – fellow art historians falsely accused him of giving sporious attributions for bigger gains; Nazi authorities fined him savagely for not declaring these gains. After a penniless escape to France in 1936, Mayer’s destiny was sealed by a 1941 order of arrest. It was made effective in Nice in February 1944, 13,  followed by immediate deportation to Auschwitz. Mayer was killed there on March 12, 1944, few days after his arrival. However, it is only recently he found his name reinstated, thanks to the works of Christian Fuhrmeister and Susanne Kienlechner in Germany (2008), and Teresa Posada Kubissa in Spain (2010). Also quite recently, some paintings from his private collection have been returned to his heir in California (see an Alte Pinakothek note in this respect, and also the Wikipedia corresponding article). Last, but not least, we can also reveal a Catalan connection: Mayer was the expert behind the many attributions (including a Velázquez, and a Tintoretto) in the Gil Collection, loaned in 1916, and purchased in 1944 by the MNAC in Barcelona.

Further reading:

-Fuhermeister, Christian and Kienlechner, Susanne: “Tatort Nizza: Kunstgeschichte zwischen Kunsthandel, Kunstraub und Verfolgung. Zur Vita von August Liebmann Mayer, mit einem Exkurs zu Bernhard Degenhart und Bemerkungen zu Erhard Göpel und Bruno Lohse.” in, Heftrig, Ruth, Peters, Olaf, and Schellewald, Barbara, eds. Kunstgeschichte im “Dritten Reich”:. Theorien, Methoden, Praktiken; Berlin: Akademie Verlag 2008 pp. 405-429.

-Posada Kubissa, Teresa: August L. Mayer y la pintura española – Ribera, Goya, El Greco, Velázquez, Madrid: CEEH, Centro de Estudios Europa Hispánica, 2010.

3. The adventure of an independent mind.

 

Last week I received an email from Dr. Francesc Ruiz Quesada, a respected independent scholar on Late Medieval Catalan painting, inviting me to spread the word about his blog, called Retrotabulum. Do not expect the usual casual stuff, but a series of long articles on Bartolomé Bermejo (active between 1468 and 1501), one of the key painters in 15th century Spain. I went through the first two essays. If I understood Ruiz properly, his thesis is that Bermejo was not a mere follower of models imported from the then innovative and dominant Early Netherlandish masters, but a genius artist that, like his Northern forerunners Jan van Eyck (1390/1400 – 1441) and Roger van der Weyden (1399/1400 – 1464), succeed in shaping an iconography – conveying a certain iconology – of his own.  He puts his case forcefully in Retrotabulum n.2, entirely devoted to the masterpiece pictured above (Bartolomé Bermejo, Pietà of Canon Desplà, oil on canvas, 175 x 189 cm, signed and dated 1490), now conserved in a compromised  condition in Barcelona’s Cathedral Museum. The other aspect making Ruiz’s endeavour special is that he carries it independently, through self-publishing. This is especially remarkable, since his proposal has the potential to add a new dimension of our understanding of Northern Renaissance’s reception in Spain. For the same reason, it could open the door to fruitful connections with the investigations on similar issues in Bermejo’s Northern predecessors, and contemporaries.

4. We are all connected.

Ruiz Quesada’s Retrotabulum is also featured in a blog called Publicaciones sobre Arte Medieval, written by Dr. Joan Valero Molina, a specialist in Catalan Gothic sculpture. He delivers exactly what its title promises – news about many books and some articles on Medieval Art, with an interesting international approach. Another very readable blog on Medieval matters is the fortnightly Medieval Histories, by Dr. Karen Schousboe, a Danish Ethnologist. She devotes every issue to a particular place, and April’s second half issue dealt with Crisis in Catalonia, and further subjects regarding this corner of Europe – among them, the Creation Tapestry in Girona, so cited in this blog.

 

5. Raphael in Polish fashion.

 

Polish is a challenging language, and the claim by Wojciech Kowalski, Poland’s Foreign Office representative for the restitution of cultural goods, that he has been misinterpreted is not perhaps just a worn-out excuse. No, he did not announce the recovery of Portrait as a young man (1514-1515), a presumed self-portrait by Raphael, and one the most famous missing art works since the end of WWII, after being looted for Hitler’s projected Führermuseum in Linz in 1939, from Czartoryski’s family collection in Crackow  – in whose museum you can see, among some exquisite Rembrandts, Leonardo’s Portrait of Cecilia Galerani or Lady with an Ermine (oil on panel, 54 x 39 cm, c. 1489 -90). But what Kowalski really meant is even more intriguing: that he knows the work still exists; that he has been informed that it is hidden away in a bank vault; and that the affected bank is placed in a country whose laws are in favour of a restitution of the painting to its former owners (see reports here, and here). A summer flop or the canniest of tactics by an international expert in the field? While we wait to find out, let’s have a look at Poland’s continued efforts for the restitution of its national art treasures from both Nazi and Soviet plunderings – in this official website.

Addition: Not exactly a Nazi looting victim, but Lucas Cranach’s wonderful early work Madonna Under the Fir Tree, (1510) has been restituted to the Wrocalw Cathedral last July 27, The Art Newspaper reports. 

6. More on Berlin’s road to stardom.

 

The other summer talk is Berlin’s Museums administrators’ plans to relocate its Old Masters painting collections, now at the Gemäldegarie in the Kulturforum, into the Bode Museum in the Museumsinsel. They want to make room for his 20th century art collections (recently enriched by the great Pietzch donation), and give every museum area a special focus, in which all kinds of art forms are included. This logical, apparently inoffensive move comes, however, with a cost, since space is limited at the already filled up Bode (house of the notable Byzantine and Sculpture collections), and therefore asks for the downsizing of the exhibits. Giving their extraordinary quality, an international uproar, now reaching the German conservators themselves (reports The Art Newspaper), followed the official notice. Pr. Michael Eissenhauer, director of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin – Preussischer Kulturbesitz, tried to calm everyone down with this letter (via Codart’s website), in which he announces the planning of a new building for the displaced collection. But he also reveals the reason behind the controversial decision, that is, the surprising approval by Germany’s Ministry of Culture of a €10 million grant for the refurbishment of the Gemäldegalerie, which, “although hoped for, was made much sooner than anticipated, and caught us off guard”. Let us praise him for his candid admission – but Berlin really needs better planning, since at stake are its chances to join London and Paris as Europe’s third art capital (see here the 1999 – 2015 Masterplan for the Museumsinsel; pictured above).

7. A place under Picasso’s sun.

 

The Art Newspaper reports a huge pre-booking success for Picasso’s retrospective in Milan (Pablo Picasso: Masterpieces from the Musée National Picasso in Paris, curated by Director Anne Baldassari, September 20th, 2012 – January 6th, 2013; Palazzo Reale, admissions from € 4.50 to € 9.-). It is another stop of the four-year-long international tour set up by the French museum, as a tool for self-promotion and revenue towards its current renovation and extension works, scheduled for summer 2013. Barcelona’s Museu Picasso has therefore one year to establish itself in Picasso’s changing constellation. Its current exhibition programme could help, since it underlines the museum’s characteristic origins as a donation by the artist and his related ones (Picasso Ceramics: a present from Jacqueline to Barcelona, curated by Marilyn McCully and Michael Raeburn, from October 26th, 2012, to April 1st, 2013); and its potential as a centre for alternative research – with a very promising exhibition on self-portraits, titled I, Picasso and curated by Dr. Eduard Vallès (from May, 28 2013 to September 1, 2013), who has already delighted us with his Picasso versus Rusiñol (May 28th – September 5th, 2010). They will be side-supported by some short, document-based exhibitions around the Museum’s 50 anniversary. That all makes more striking the absence of a clear research plan in the new guidelines (in Catalan), presented on June 12th –especially when a brand new Centre for Knowledge and Research was added last year, complete with a purpose-renovated annex. We hope City Council’s promise of administrative independence for the Museu does not go overlooked too.

2 August 2012

Publicat a

1. Hilda comes back home. 

Thanks to trustee Andrew de Mille, I discovered, in early July, Sir Stanley Spencer RA’s (1891-1959) fascinating art and Gallery in Cookham, Berkshire, which this year celebrates its 50th anniversary and is still entirely run by volunteers – entertaining a special relationship with the V&A, and some other important institutions. The Art Fund now spreads good news for them. The magnetic Hilda with the Hair Down (59.4 cm x 43.5 cm, pencil on five pieces of paper, joined, 1931), picturing Spencer’s first wife, is again hanging on the Gallery’s walls, after being bought in the Christie’s sale on May 23th this year. The acquisition is the common effort of Francis Carline (nephew of the sitter, who spotted the work on sale), the Stanley Spencer Gallery (40%) the Art Fund and the V&A Purchase Fund (sharing an about 50% slice) and the Friends of the  Gallery (GBP 10,000, nearly all their available founds). The work is the fourth most expensive drawing by Spencer bought at auction. As a matter of fact, the market is very selective with Spencer’s drawings. The vast majority of his generous outpost (artnet lists more than 640 drawings sold at auction) hovers at the £1,000 –  £3,000 level, but works of exceptional quality drive buyers wild. In the top five, estimates between £12,000 and £60,000 lead to final prices ranging from £87,650 to £142,500 (including commissions). The exception? This new drawing, with which the auction house tried to build on previous achievements – but its overestimate of £100,000 – £150,000 was eventually defied by the intelligent purchaser, who got it for £97,250 (including commissions). Still a brave and confident purchase, since it is the only portrait among the top fliers.  

Update August 16, 2012: Andrew de Mille emailed me the correct figures for the funding of the purchase.

2. And Courbet’s oak is on its way, too.

 

Gustave Courbet’s (1819 – 1877) virtuoso masterpiece The Oak at Flagey (also known as The Oak of Vercingetorix, oil on canvas, 89 cm x 100 cm, 1864) left his native Franche-Comté not long after the artist’s death, when his sister Juliette sold it to Philadelphian businessman and philanthropist Henry C. Gibson (1830-1891). Following his will, the oil was gifted to the Pennsylvania Academy of Art in 1896. It remained there until its auctioning at Sotheby’s New York in 1987, where it was bought for reportedly $450,000 by Japanese furniture emperor Michimasa Murauchi, and headed to his museum in Hachioji, near Tokyo, that opened just in 1982. Following his announcement this March that he is selling the entire collection (made up of French Barbizon and Impressionist works), Claude Jeannerot, the energetic president of the regional council of the Franche-Comté, raced to Japan and won an exclusive right of purchase for the painting for the Musée Courbet of Ornans. Mr Murauchi is asking €4,000,000 for it, of which Le Journal des Arts now reports nearly €2,000,000 is already secured, thanks to an ongoing appeal that has won over both significant official support, and no fewer than 350 private donators. Jeanneret, which was key in the acclaimed renovation and reopening of Courbet’s house museum in July 2011, is now pushing the French authorities into declaring the work an “œuvre d’intérêt patrimonial majeur”, so donors will become entitled to a tax cut worth 90% of their gift.

3. From great drawing to great painting.  

More on drawings. This blog’s star museum, the MNAC in Barcelona, has announced the acquisition of an important drawing by Joaquim Mir (1873-1940) named Sketch for “The Beggars Cathedral” (charcoal, pencil and white gouache on paper, 48 x 62 cm, 1898) – which refers to the building you see in the background, Antoni Gaudí’s Sagrada Família in 1898, at an early stage of its construction (see a contemporary photograph here). The Museum website’s title for the drawing links it to Mir’s painting below, also in the MNAC collections (The Beggars Cathedral, oil on canvas, 209 cm x 253 cm 1898): both works share the same composition and approach to the subject – at that moment Barcelona trembled with the achievements and conflicts of late 19th century industrialisation. But on close examination, one can see the differences between the two works. In fact the 25 year-old Mir did not keep the drawing’s everyday scene in the painting, but summed it up in a statement on hard times brought by infirmity and advanced age – in contrast with the healthy, young man at work, who stares from the right corner. The announcement came out just a week after the new trophy had actually crossed its threshold – a sign of the fast, very welcomed pace of the new manager’s drive.  

4. Books: Honouring Xavier Barral Altet.

 

I learn from La Tribune de l’Art some good news for the noted Catalan Medievalist Xavier Barral i Altet (Barcelona, 1947), Emeritus Professor of the University of Rennes, director of the MNAC between 1991 and 1994, and known by a wider public thanks to co-authoring  (with George Duby) La Sculpture: le grand art du Moyen Âge (Skira, 1989). On the occasion of his 65th birthday, no fewer than 129 of his Medievalist colleagues from around the globe had put up a weighty Festschrift titled Le plaisir de l’art du Moyen Âge. Commande, production et reception de l’oeuvre d’art. Mélanges en homage à Xavier Barral i Altet (Éditions Picards,2012; 1208 pages, €120 on the publisher’s website). Some of the Catalan contributors deal with some brisk subjects in the field – Manuel Castiñeiras and the Tapestry of the Creation from Girona; Gerardo Boto and the hotly debated newly-found cloister in Palamós, both in North Catalonia.    

5. Grassroots art history or the case for local, well rooted museums.    

It all started with an email from the Museu Diocesà de Lleida (170 km east of Barcelona), inviting me to their current exhibition, Fragments of a past. Pere Garcia Benavarri and the altarpiece of Saint John’s curch in Lleida. It did not look that exciting at first glance, since the artwork on display, that is the six panels by Pere Garcia Benavarri (doc. 1445 – 1485) — the only ones, with the seventh at the Isabella Gardner Museum in Boston, of which we know the whereabouts — all belong to the MNAC in Barcelona, next door home. But I was wrong – as already pointed by the fact that the invitation by  the Museum’s Head of Communications, Marga del Campo Andión came along with her well-written press clip, and the cell phone exhibition’s curator: conservator Albert Velasco. I therefore felt this could be an occasion to prove three things about the current state of our museums: first, that a new generation of well prepared and engaged young art historians has stepped in; second, that their talent is somehow tapped because museums have been nurtured mainly by public funding, and managed accordingly; third, that they have yet to win private support and civic praise. And I got the evidence. Albert’s talent is evident from the first exchange of words, and this little, well-crafted exhibition could only be his brainchild, as the result of his long years of research in the field, and his sharp sense of opportunity – the works came in exchange for the Museum’s loans towards MNAC’s just closed exhibition Catalunya 1400: The International Gothic. Although two private sponsors are listed in the credits (La Caixa, a bank, and an unheard of local foundation appropriately called Res Non Verba (“Deeds not Words”), the exhibition is not raising significant interest among the local press. Which is a shame, because we are dealing with the central altarpiece of the most important church in Late Medieval Lleida (after the Cathedral) –  this is what Albert himself explains in the book published for the occasion  (Fragments d’un passat. Pere Garcia Benavarri i el retaule de l’església de Sant Joan de Lleida, Lleida, 2012, 156 p., €20 at the museum’s desk), in which he also makes the important discovery of Flemish source for the Saint Jerome pictured above. Moreover, the show wants to be the first of a series called Dispersed works, which aim to return home the lost heritage of the city, even if it is for a short time. Our talking took us long and wide, so I asked him to explain more things about the Museum, especially about acquisitions. He promised me, and delivered, the list you can read in the following note.  

6. Consistent, well-paced, and publicly-founded.

These are the three common features of Museu de Lleida 2003 – 2011 acquisitions, as listed below. They are the result of a well-designed policy of buying Lleida’s local school works, with a preference for stone sculpture. In one case an item bought as “anonymous” could then be attributed thanks to the good eye of the Museum’s curatorial staff. One can only hope this good job will attract an increasing private support in the future. The list:

– Master of Albesa (14th century), Our Lady and the Child (painted limestone, 113 cm x 28 cm x 36 cm). Coming from the collection of Gaspar Homar it was bought by the museum from dealer Olga de Sandoval, Barcelona, in 2004 for an undisclosed sum – see a picture of it at p. 191 of the article by Albert Velasco and Joan Yeguas, “Noves aportacions sobre l’escola de Lleida d’escultura del segle XIV”, Urtx. Revista d’Humanitats d’Urgell, 2010, pp. 175 – 205).

– Master of Albesa, Saint Anthony Abbot (limestone, 115 cm x 38 cm x 22 cm). Coming from the collection of George Grey Barnard it was bought by the museum from the Metropolitan Museum of Art (deaccession), New York, in 2007 for an undisclosed sum – see a picture of it at p. 192 of same article by Albert Velasco and Joan Yeguas.

– Bartomeu de Robió (doc. between 1360-1379), Saint Thomas and Saint James (painted limestone, no measurements given, ca. 1375), a fragment of the predella of a dismantled altarpiece (see a picture of it at p. 181 of the same article by Albert Velasco and Joan Yeguas); other fragments in Museu Marés, Barcelona and a private collection.  It came form collection Hartman’s in Canet de Mar (Castell de Santa Florentina), and it was bought by the museum in 2007 from dealers Galeria Bernat, Barcelona, for an undisclosed sum.

– Bartomeu de Robió (doc. between 1360-1379), Imprisonment of Saint Andrew (limestone, 47 cm x 57 cm x 9 cm), bought by the Province of Lleida for €85,000 in February 11, 2009 from dealer Manuel Barbié – see the official note, with a video where you can see the piece and the matching fragment already in the museum. It came from a dismantled altarpiece devoted to Saint Andrew in the Church of Santa Maria de Castelló de Farfanya (another fragment in the MNAC); on permanent loan to the museum.

– Pere Garcia de Benavarri (doc. 1445 – 1485), Resurrection (upper panel of a lost altarpiece, tempera on pine wood, 112 x 97 cm, c.1450) from the parish church of Benavarri, bought by the Province of Lleida for €22,000 in March 25, 2009 at Balcli’s (an auction house in Barcelona); on permanent loan to the museum. – Pere Espallargues (active in the late 15th century), Saint Roch (fragment of a larger altarpiece, tempera on panel, 46 x 18 cm; ca 1490-1500), bought by the Province of Lleida for €4,000 in December 21, 2010 at Balcli’s, Barcelona; on permanent loan to the museum.

– Bartomeu de Robio (doc. between 1360-1379), Our Lady and Child from the Monastery of Santa Maria de Bellpuig de les Avellanes (painted limestone, 108 x 43 x 26 cm), bought by the Generalitat for €130,000 in March 16, 2011 at Balcli’s, Barcelona; on permanent loan to the museum (pictured above).

–  Joan Pau Guardiola, aka Joanot de Pau (active 1500-1530), Miracle of Our Lady of the Rosary and the Cologne Knight (fragment, oil and pastiglia on panel, 88.3 cm x 66.1 cm), bought by the Generalitat for £7,500 at Christie’s London in October 26, 2011, as an anonymous master of the “Spanish School”, on permanent loan to the museum – the fragment with Our Lady of the Rosary is kept at the Museu Cau Ferrat, Sitges (see a reconstruction here).

Updating August 2, 2012: Albert Velasco noted us a ninth acquisition:

–  Master of Anglesola (first half of the 14th century), Crist in Majesty (alabaster, 24 cm. high, c.1320), a fragment of the upper half of the body that, after its acquisition and Albert’s visit to the Monastery of Poblet (South Catalonia), could be associated with lower part of the body still attached, as part of the ornamentation, to Count Ramon Folc VI of Cardona sepulchre, buried there. Bought by the Generalitat at Balcli’s in March 2008. See an image in p. 242 of Albert’s article “Els Apòstols de la desapareguda portalada de Santa Maria de Tàrrega”, Urtx. Revista d’Humanitats d’Urgell, 2009, pp. 229 – 247. He published a second artcle:  Albert Velasco, “Un nou fragment del sepulcre de Ramon Folc VI de Cardona del monestir de Poblet”, Aplec de Treballs, 29, 2011, p. 209-219.

7. Olympic art.

 

It has nothing to do with Old Masters, but the only bit of the opening ceremony I really enjoyed, the firing of the Olympic cauldron, proved as good as fine ageing painting in delivering a powerful message – in this case one of uniting the 204 participating states in peaceful competition, which goes directly to the roots of the Games in Ancient Greece. Cauldron designer Thomas Heatherwick explains it in this article on Phaidon’s website (Thomas Heatherwick ‘huge relief’ at Olympic opening, www.pahidon.com, retrieved on July 29th, 2012).

26 July 2012

Publicat a

1. Which is by whom?

 

Only until October 7th, the Museo de Bellas Artes in Bilbao exhibits this pair or portraits of Isabella of Valois (1546 – 1568), third wife of the Phillip II of Spain (1527-1598). Both come from the noted Madrid private collection Várez-Fisa. The first of them (oil on canvas, 104,5 x 84 cm, c.1560) by Antonio Moro (1516/1520 – 1575/1576) is a classic example of his restrained, rigorously geometrical and achingly detailed style, by which the Dutch laid the foundations of the Spanish Habsburg portraiture. The second one, a slightly enlarged copy (113 x 94,5 cm) by the Spanish Antonio Sánchez Coello (1531/32 – 1588), less careful in the particulars and a somehow more relaxed – most probably because of his learnings from Titian, as the note by Miguel Falomir in the MBB website argues. Which is by whom? Your guess! On the other hand, the museum has recently published its 6th annual Bulletin, featuring articles by specialists on some of the works in the collection (including a piece by Jordi Camps on their magnificent Catalan Romanesque Majesty).

2. Giving these days (6).

The more I hear rumours about David Balsells’ (Lleida, 1947) retirement, the more I long for him to keep his current position as Chief Curator for Photography at the MNAC – the star museum of this blog. His last coup was winning Joan Colom’s (Barcelona, 1921) complete archive, including the collection of 9,000 author’s prints and corresponding documents. Colom is a key figure in Catalan photography, thanks to his trademark punchy snaps of street life in Barcelona’s hard boroughs (see here some examples from the collections of Fundació Foto Collectania). The President and the Director of the MNAC have given a helping hand in closing the deal, securing Colom a pension in exchange of his generous, unrestricted donation. All in all it is another achievement by Balsells, who in his 16-year tenure has been able to attract other important gifts from authors and collectors alike. Let’s hope he will find the time and the will to train his successor.

 

3. The magic of words.

In a recent piece, Katherine York claims museums are “social enterprises”, and puts the focus and the praise on the many ways they already generate income (“Museums are already social enterprises”, the guardian on facebook, July 23, 2012). But what makes her article noteworthy is her point, that the return expected by museum-goers is not one of financial nature, but of spiritual nature. This is the key paragraph: 

“Museums are places where people find quality and a depth of experience, where they are encouraged, respected and challenged. The museum experience is one of well-being and calm enrichment. It is unique, improving and heart warming. It offers value for money”.

I feel lured by her mixing of management and near-religious language, and also for her visitor-centred approach – in which only the will to “challenge” may offer some very little room for the old “awe for the past” that museums were supposed to foster. But I must agree she brilliantly captures a line of defence museums should marshal in these difficult times. Besides, she provides further evidence of the argument that museums are taking the place of other social-gluing institutions, like churches – they also would like to encourage, respect and challenge, providing some solace in the process.

  

4. The Legend of the Black Romantic.

 How did Dark Romanticism unfold in visual arts? What is the reason behind Romanticism, Surrealism and Expressionism’s key artists being drawn to “the realm of the unfathomable, mysterious and evil”? Was it a proper visual arts movement, or just a deluxe illustration for ideas coming from literature? These are the questions to be answered by Dark Romanticism. From Goya to Max Ernst, a major exhibition just announced by the Städel Musem in Frankfurt for this September – running until January 20, 2013. Featuring more than 200 works by, among others, Goya, Fuseli, Blake, Friederich, Blechen, Géricault, Delacroix, Hugo, Moreau, Redon, Böcklin, Stuck, Klinger, Munch, Magritte, Bellmer, Dalí and Ernst, it will focus on some Western Europe countries. We wonder about its weight in the rest of the continent, including Russia.

 

5. Books: a triumph by Louis Antoine Prat.

All the French names cited above are also featured in Louis Antoine Prat’s relatively new book Le Dessin Français au XIX siècle (Loure Éditions, Musée du Quai d’Orsay, Somogy, 2011; 661 pages, €195 on the publisher’s website). Prat is a noted drawing’s scholar and collector (the Caixaforum in Barcelona showed his collections’ highlights in 2007), and in this very generous review, which follows his teaching as Professor for History of Drawings in the École du Louvre from 2007 to 2010, he offers surprising findings to the non specialist – e.g. the many facets of Delacroix’s genius or the firing imagination of Victor Hugo’s mind.

 

6. Transferring the State’s privileges.

 

Like in France or Italy, pre-emption at auction is one of the privileges bestowed to public bodies by both Catalan and Spanish heritage regulations. Thanks to it, a public representative can purchase a lot for the latest bid, even if he has not entered the bidding, by just giving a proper sign to the auctioneer.  In these times of shrinking public funds, I guess public officials will not fancy this relatively reasonable device, which harms the buyer but not the seller (at least in theory). Instead, they can be tempted to turn to more damaging practices: plainly denying the export license for the artwork, or declaring it a “national treasure”, with no intent of purchasing it, therefore placing the whole transaction in an embittering limbo or leading it to a certain loss.  Perhaps a little change in the law might soothe some cases, if the pre-emption right could be transferred to a buyer (national or foreigner) that agrees to either (a) donate the work of art to a public institution, in exchange for a generous tax-exemption; or (b) to loan the work for a long term, again to a public institution – with a quite decent tax-exemption; or (c) keep it privately, but always within national soil, receiving just a gentle tax cut.

7. Road to Russia.

 

Knowing about my wish to travel to Russia one day, a friend suggested to me by way of introduction Andrei Sokurov’s  (1951) tour de force at the Hermitage, “Russian Ark”  (2002), and Andrei Tarkovsky (1932-1966)  Andrei Rubliev (1966). But it could be that once I got in Moscow, I found myself in the middle of a pharaonic overhaul, in which also Barcelona’s architect Ricardo Bofill wishes to take part, according to a piece in Le Figaro  (Béatrice de Rouchebouet, Le grand pari de Moscou, lefigaro.com, July 22, 2012). Anyway, other tips on Russian films on art welcomed!

19 July 2012

Publicat a

1. Shaken, not stirred.

It is already half a year that the new director of the Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya, Josep “Pepe” Serra, has been sitting in his new chair. Not exactly sitting, since the dynamic forty-something has been actively seeking public awareness and consent with his ideas and plans. If I grasped them during an open, candid speech last week, then his goal is to uncover the talent hiding in the Museum’s vaults, and open its doors to all kind of interesting proposals. It is difficult to say if he is following a very detailed plan for it. In his own words, he is still “shaking the house”, and identifying who among the personnel is open to embrace the challenge. His boost goes well beyond simple rehanging, but a fittingly sense of trial already pervades some of the new rooms – from the exquisite, yet diminutive Isidre Nonell (1872-1911) / Lluís Claramunt (1951 – 2000) drawings confrontation, to the exaggerated, stand-alone homage to Antoni Tàpies (1923-2012). Anyway, the time for inking the details in black and white is not that far off: Mr Serra announced that he will deliver an executive plan in October for 2013-2018.

2. A Phoenix on your wall.

Bought by the Museum in 1952 without a clear attribution, deposited in an office of Barcelona’s City Council, smoke-damaged there by a fire in April 1985, stored in the MNAC reserves, and finally rediscovered two years ago, The Conversion of Saint Paul (oil on canvas, 243 x 257 cm, c. 1614) by Juan Bautista Maíno (1581-1649) shines again with some of its past glory, after a thorough restoration. The man behind the move, conservator Francesc Quílez, suspected Maíno’s hand when he first spotted the work in 1996 – but he did not find the time to pursue his guesswork. It was only in 2009, when he chanced upon the 44.5 x 32.2 “modellino” for the work in Maino’s great retrospective catalogue in the Prado, that he had no doubt that a real masterpiece was hiding behind the darkened canvas. Now they are showing both the sketch and the final work, complete with some introductory texts, videos, and radiographies, in one of the MNAC’s upper rooms. Except for final ones, you can forget about the rest, and go directly to Mr Quilez’s essay on the website (only in Catalan, sorry), in which he convincingly argues this work confirms Maíno as something more than just the brilliant pioneer of  “caravaggism” in Spain. He was in fact an inquisitive spirit, ready to absorb many contrasting influences, even if that could lead to mixed (but really interesting) results, as shown in this “new” work – the bulk of his output is held in the Prado.

3. The Italian holidays of two British Tizianos.

If your chosen destination for the summer hiatus is Veneto’s jewel called Padova, you could complete Giotto’s must-see Capella dei Scrovegni (on-line bookings here) with a visit to the Musei Civici agli Erimitani next door. There you will be among the first to enjoy two recently rediscovered works by Tiziano, confirmed by specialists Andrea Donati and Lionello Puppi, which travel from two different British collections for the current exhibition Tiziano e Paolo III. Il pittore e il suo modello (from 7 July to 30 September 2012, admissions €10.-, no sign of a catalogue, but at least a fine review in La Repubblica). The smallest of them is a fresh self-portrait painted during his advanced years (oil on cardboard, 40 x 27.7 cm), the other a portrait of Pope Paul III (oil on canvas, 128 x 98 cm) that, according to this press note by the Italian Culture Department, should show him humble enough to win Emperor’s Charles V support. In other words, both works bear out Tiziano’s powers in giving elegant, but subtly incisive renderings of powerful, yet human, beings – for more about this point, have a look at the three portraits of Paul III at Capodimonte Museum in Naples.

4. Lessons from the art market.

In my annual trip to the centre of the world (that is London, for us Old Master freaks), I attended the first hour of Sotheby’s Old Master Evening auction, devoted to Dutch and other Northern European artists. Oud Holland art is not really my field, but even for the newcomer it was clear that dealers and collectors were not taking Sotheby’s name-based catalogue very seriously. They were focused solely on the works, and the quality they showed. Therefore, some of the star lots sporting resounding names only just reached the low estimate or even failed to sell; while other low-key artists with attractive works had their day – my preferred one was Hendrik van Steenwijck the Younger (1580-1649) Saint Jerome in his study (lot 17, oil on oak panel, 40 x 56.2 cm, estimate GBP 100,000 – 150,000, final price without premium GBP 280,000), in which, if I am not too presumptive, the painter had revisited an old ecclesiastical subject and set it in the clean-cut, unpretentious atmosphere fostered by the Reformation. A final reconciliation, however, was reached with the last lot in the section, The surrender of the Royal Prince during The Four Day’s Battle, 1st-4th June 1666 (lot 24, oil on canvas, 75.5 x 106 cm), a true masterpiece by the renowned sea-battle painter Willem van de Velde the Younger (1633 – 1707). The GBP 1,500,000 – 2,500,000 estimate was dwarfed when a new bidder, attended to on the phone by a young dealer standing next to me, joined the fight at 2 million, duelled against a sole opponent for several electric minutes, and eventually won it for a nearly record-setting GBP 4,700,000 (GBP 5,305,250 with premium) – the ultimate record was achieved by rival house Christie’s last 6th December, when it sold Dutch men-o-war and other shipping in a calm, (oil on canvas, 86.3 cm x 119.3 cm, sold) for GBP 5,921,250 (including premium).

5. The Prussian teenager is growing up.

Berlin is growing up to become the next international hotspot for art from all ages. Already nurturing an extremely live contemporary scene (which you can follow at the excellent berlinartjournal blog and its spin-off sugarhigh), the city has seen very long queues in the final months of 2011 for the Renaissance Faces exhibition. True that since 1990 the city has lived under the never-ending resettling of its pre-1945 fabulous collections, but you can read the latest quarrel on the matter as a kind of adolescent turmoil. Following the very generous donation of some 150 important Surrealist and Expressionist works (Miró, Dalí, Pollock and all the rest involved) by Ulla and Heiner Pietzch (a czar of the plastic trade), the city planers have decided to clean out the Gemäldegalerie of its collection of Old Masters (including the famous 18 Rembrandts), and, while waiting for a new building, show them in a shorter version in the Bode Museum, already house of the Byzantine and Medieval collections – the world largest in sculpture from this period. The petition against the move (which I signed) cannot mask the fact that, as Isabelle Spicer writes in this report for the French Journal of Arts, with better planning, this could be the last step before the Museuminsel turns up as the new Louvre.

6. Setting the day.

Summertime is a hard time to fill the newspapers’ cultural pages with real news, and that is one reason why they are not ashamed to make good use of old stories. Irene Hernández Velasco writes in the Spanish El Mundo this interesting piece on paying a visit to the origins of the Gregorian calendar. If you ever wonder why the Russians, following the old and unstable Julian calendar, celebrate Christmas 15 days after you, here you will find the definitive proof that made Pope Gregory XIII (1502 – 1585) proclaim the bull “Inter Gravissimas”, by which 4th October 1582 became 15th October that year. It consisted of drawing a meridian on the floor of the “Torre dei Venti” (“Tower of Winds”, where the Vatican Archives are now kept), and opening a little hole in one of Il Pomarancio’s (Nicolò Circignani, c.1517 – after 1596) frescos on the wall – matching the open mouth of an angel blowing. On 21st March 1581 the Pope was shown how the sunbeam that, entering through the hole, should have touched the meridian at the point marked by springtime equinox, in fact deflected some 60 cm beyond – because the equinox had taken place ten days before. The changes introduced by the new calendar of counting leap years (once every fourth year, except in the years ending in 00) explain the additional days of discrepancy within Old Caesar’s calendar.

7. She keeps her smile…

… despinte huge cuts in public funding for culture.